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Unplanned downtime in rotating machinery is a major cost driver in industrial operations, and early fault detection through vibration analysis can prevent it. Running these classifiers directly on microcontrollers (TinyML) reduces inference latency and enables faster on-device response, but it is still unclear how different model architectures and quantization schemes behave under strict memory and flash constraints. This paper evaluates the feasibility of embedding rotating-machinery fault machine learning classifiers on low-cost microcontrollers. We compare MLP, 1D-CNN, LSTM and Random Forest on the MAFAULDA dataset, using 132 features per window and stratified group k-fold cross-validation to prevent leakage across windows from the same file. Three post-training quantization schemes (FP32, FP16, INT8) are evaluated against the requirements of the ESP32-S3, STM32F4, and ESP32-WROOM. The INT8 MLP was the most efficient model conforming to all three platforms (37 KB, F1=0.98), reducing size by 67% over its FP32 counterpart with negligible accuracy loss. The 1D-CNN lost accuracy under INT8 (F1 from 0.94 to 0.75), and the unrolled LSTM grew 3x rather than shrinking, results that highlight the need to jointly evaluate the model and quantization, not in isolation.

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1	Cândido Alfredo Carvalho de Lucena Filho(candidoalfilho@hotmail.com)
2	Felipe Valencia de Almeida(fvalencia@usp.br)

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