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On November 5, 2015, the Fundão tailings dam collapsed in the city of Mariana, considered the biggest environmental disaster in Brazil. This disaster severely contaminated the Doce river, whose course crosses several cities, affecting a population of more than three million inhabitants who use water for supply. The impact of the Fundão dam failure on the microbial community of the river, years after the disaster, is not yet known. The microbiome of the region is extremely important for the ecological processes of the ecosystem, as it can also contain high levels of microorganisms that are pathogenic to humans. Assessment of the microbiota of these impacted regions is an efficient way to assess water quality for human health well-being and establish microbial bioindicators. Sediment and water from three lakes in the region were analyzed using the 16S rRNA marker. We use co-occurrence network analysis, which facilitates the investigation of ecological processes that shape microbial communities. The nodes in a network, with high centrality, can be interpreted as a key species, which plays important roles in the structuring of communities. The structure of the network also reveals how a community responds to environmental disturbances. The study area where water and sediment collection were carried out in a large sampling region: The Rio Doce basin region in the state of Espírito Santo, more specifically in 4 lakes in that region, together with a point considered as a control. The studied lagoons were Lagoa do Limão (LLM), Lagoa Nova (LNV), Lagoa Juparanã (LJP) and Lagoa do Areal (LAL) and the control point Rio Guandu (RGU). To create the network, the SPARCC correlation algorithm was used. The identification of key species was used the PageRank algorithm. The analysis of the networks showed that several key species are linked with a high degree of contamination of heavy metals, thus demonstrating that they can be considered bioindicators of contamination. Some of the microorganisms observed were Pirellulaceae, which have already been reported in environments with heavy metals and mining residues in river sediments (Chen et al., 2018). A genus that was observed several times as a key species was the Sphingobacterium, this bacterium has already been described as a microorganism quite resistant to heavy metals (Nam et al., 2015)(In-Hyun et al 2015), in human matters some species are the cause of several respiratory infections, being resistant to several antibiotics that are used in (Lambiase et al., 2009)(Freney et al., 1987). More time working in these places is necessary for further development of this study.

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1	Pedro Almeida(pna.ivo@gmail.com,)
2	Henrique Fragoso(henriquefds@id.uff.br,)
3	André Torres(andretorresrj@gmail.com,)
4	Marcelo Gomes(marcelo.gomes@fiocruz.br)
5	Ernesto Caffarena(ernesto.caffarena@fiocruz.br)

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1	Chen, Y. et al. (2018) ‘Long-term and high-concentration heavy-metal contamination strongly influences the microbiome and functional genes in Yellow River sediments.’, The Science of the total environment, 637–638, pp. 1400–1412. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.109. Freney, J. et al. (1987) ‘Septicemia caused by Sphingobacterium multivorum.’, Journal of clinical microbiology, 25(6), pp. 1126–1128. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.25.6.1126-1128.1987. Lambiase, A. et al. (2009) ‘Sphingobacterium respiratory tract infection in patients with cystic fibrosis’, BMC Research Notes, 2(1), p. 262. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500- 2-262. Nam, I.-H. et al. (2015) ‘Effects of Heavy Metals on Biodegradation of Fluorene by a Sphingobacterium sp. Strain (KM-02) Isolated from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon- Contaminated Mine Soil’, Environmental Engineering Science, 32, p. 150825131838000. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1089/ees.2015.0037.

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