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The genus Paecilomyces represents a promising source of bioactive
secondary metabolites, yet it remains largely underexplored from chemical and
genomic perspectives. To address this, a comprehensive genome mining ap-
proach was employed to characterize a novel Paecilomyces sp. strain, CMI-
INPA 1390, isolated from the Brazilian Amazon. Utilizing long-read sequenc-
ing, a high-quality, near-chromosome level genome assembly was achieved,
comprising six linear scaffolds totaling 31.7 Mb and a circular mitochondrial
genome of 52094 bp, with a high BUSCO completeness of 98.7%. Genomic
analysis identified 42 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which is consistent
with the genus average. Notably, 100% of these BGCs showed low to no cor-
relation with known biosynthetic pathways, revealing the high potential of this
species for the biosynthesis of novel molecules. Gene Cluster Family (GCF)
analysis, conducted with 10 reference genomes for the Paecilomyces genus, re-
vealed that among the NRPS-related GCFs, this new Amazonian species presents
a singleton associated with nidulanin A biosynthesis. This singleton contained
all necessary tailoring genes, but the core nonribosomal peptide synthetase
(NRPS) gene exhibited a loss of several modules and domains, retaining only
a single module out of the four canonical ones related to nidulanin A biosynthe-
sis. This loss suggests a potential evolutionary divergence, possibly resulting in
the production of a shorter or structurally simplified molecule. These findings
underscore that Paecilomyces sp. CMI-INPA 1390 is a promising source of di-
verse and potentially novel secondary metabolites and demonstrate the role of
genome mining in unveiling the full biosynthetic potential of filamentous fungi.

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Authors

#	Name
1	Daniel Vanderlei de Oliveira(daniel.oliveira@ufam.edu.br)
2	Thiago Fernandes Sousa(fernandesthiago9620@gmail.com)
3	Sabrina Sinara Portela de Sousa(sabrynasinara@gmail.com)
4	Miguel Vanderlei de Oliveira(miguel.oliveira@icomp.ufam.edu.br)
5	Gleucinei Santos Castro(gleucineii@gmail.com)
6	Maria Aparecida de Jesus(ranhna@gmail.com)
7	Gilvan Ferreira da Silva(gilvan.silva@embrapa.br)

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Reference

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